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KPG 193 Test System

The KPG 193 (Korean Power Grid 193-bus) is a synthetic test system representing the Korean power grid, developed exclusively from open-source data to support power system research and decarbonization studies. This test system captures Korea’s unique characteristics: generation mix, renewable penetration, concentrated urban demand, and isolated grid structure.

Background

The KPG 193 is an open Korean grid test system built entirely from publicly available sources, as detailed in:

Geonho Song and Jip Kim, “KPG 193: A Synthetic Korean Power Grid Test System for Decarbonization Studies,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2411.14756, 2024.

Available at: https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.14756v2

The methodology involved:

  1. Data collection from OpenStreetMap, KEPCO, KPX and municipal-level statistics
  2. Spatial clustering based on KEPCO regional office locations to abstract sensitive details
  3. Data processing including parameter for generators and transmission lines, and renewable generation profiles
  4. Validation through Unit Commitment and AC Optimal Power Flow studies over 8760 hours

System Characteristics

KPG 193 Network Topology

ComponentCountDescription
Buses193Network nodes representing substations and load centers
Generators122Thermal units (Coal, LNG, Nuclear)
Transmission Lines358AC transmission lines across voltage levels
DC Lines1500kV HVDC connection
Voltage Levels4765 kV (AC), 345 kV (AC), 154 kV (AC), and 500kV (DC)
Geographic Areas5Regional divisions matching Korean grid structure

Temporal Coverage

  • Full year simulation: 365 days of hourly data (8,760 hours)
  • Demand profiles: Hourly load for all 193 buses
  • Renewable generation: Hourly capacity factors for solar, wind, and hydro
  • Weather data: Meteorological data(longwave flux, temperature, wind speed) from LDAPS
  • Reference solutions: Pre-computed commitment decisions for operation studies

Data Structure

The KPG 193 test system provides a comprehensive framework for simulating the Korean power grid with all necessary data for optimization studies.

flowchart TB
    subgraph "KPG 193 Test System"
        A[Network Files MATPOWER format + Geographic data]
        B[Renewable Capacity Solar, Wind, Hydro by bus]
        C[Nuclear Must-Off Planned outages maintenance schedules]
        D[Temporal Profiles 365 days × 24 hours Demand, Weather, Renewables]
    end
    
    A --> F[Power System Optimization]
    B --> F
    C --> F
    D --> F

The kpg193_v1_5/ directory contains all data files organized by category:

kpg193_v1_5/
├── LICENSE                              # Open Database License (ODbL) v1.0
├── kpg193_1.4_bus_index_update.csv     # Bus ID mapping from v1.3 to v1.4+
│
├── network/                             # Network topology and parameters
│   ├── m/KPG193_ver1_5.m               # MATPOWER case file (text format)
│   ├── mat/KPG193_ver1_5.mat           # MATPOWER case file (binary format)
│   └── location/bus_location.csv        # Geographic coordinates for all buses
│
├── renewables_capacity/                 # Installed renewable capacity by bus
│   ├── solar_generators_2022.csv        # Solar PV capacity (193 buses)
│   ├── wind_generators_2022.csv         # Wind capacity (193 buses)
│   └── hydro_generators_2022.csv        # Hydro capacity (193 buses)
│
├── mustoff/                             # Operational constraints
│   └── nuclear_mustoff.csv              # Scheduled nuclear plant outages
│
└── profile/                             # Temporal data (365 daily files each)
    ├── demand/                          # Hourly demand profiles
    │   ├── daily_demand_1.csv           # Day 1 (January 1)
    │   ├── daily_demand_2.csv           # Day 2 (January 2)
    │   └── ...                          # Days 3-365
    │
    ├── renewables/                      # Renewable generation profiles
    │   ├── renewables_1.csv             # Day 1 capacity factors
    │   ├── renewables_2.csv             # Day 2 capacity factors
    │   └── ...                          # Days 3-365
    │
    ├── weather/                         # Meteorological data
    │   ├── weather_1.csv                # Day 1 weather variables
    │   ├── weather_2.csv                # Day 2 weather variables
    │   └── ...                          # Days 3-365
    │
    └── commitment_decision/             # Reference UC solutions
        ├── commitment_decision_1.csv    # Day 1 on/off decisions
        ├── commitment_decision_2.csv    # Day 2 on/off decisions
        └── ...                          # Days 3-365

Version History

VersionUpdatedMajor Changes
v1.52025-12Generator locations corrected
v1.42025-09Bus numbering standardized, improved clustering
v1.32025-07Renewable generation profiles fixed
v1.22025-02Updated generator costs/capacities
v1.12024-12Changed slack bus (bus 1 → bus 52)
v1.02024-11Initial public release

Citation

If you use the KPG 193 test system in your research, please cite:

@article{song2024kpg193,
  title={KPG 193: A Synthetic Korean Power Grid Test System for Decarbonization Studies},
  author={Song, Geonho and Kim, Jip},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2411.14756},
  year={2024}
}

LICENSE

The test system is made available under the Open Database License (ODbL 1.0).

External Resources